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高考英语书面表达:英语写作中出现的结构搭配错误

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  1.你愿意帮我忙吗?
  误:Will you give me a favour?
  正:Will you do me a favour?
  析:“帮某人一个忙”、“给某人恩惠”应是do sb. a favour.
  2. 在回家的路上,史密斯夫人的钱包被抢了。
  误:Mrs. Smith’s wallet was robbed from her on her way home.
  正:Mrs. Smith’s wallet was stolen from her on her way home.
  正:Mrs. Smith’s wallet was robbed of her on her way home.
  析:“抢某人某物”译为steal +某物+from+某人或场所,或rob+人或场所+of +某物。
  3.你认为工程师的演讲怎么样?
  误:How do you think of the speech made by the engineer?
  正:What do you think of the speech made by the engineer?
  析:本句的错误在于有同学对what …think of的结构概念模糊加上母语的干扰而造成的。What在这一结构中作think的宾语。what do you think of…还可以说How do you like…? How在句子中是疑问副词,作状语。
  4. 这个问题很难懂。
  误:The question is hard to be understood.
  正:The question is hard to understand.
  析:在“主语+be+形容词+不定式”的句式结构中,主语是不定式的逻辑宾语,不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。又如:The man is hard to work with.其中,与不定式习惯搭配或根据表达需要的介词不能省略。
  5. 她有如此好的一位父亲,以致于我们都很羡慕她。
  误:She has a so good father that we all admire her.
  正:She has so good a father that we all admire her.
  正:She has such a good father that we all admire her.
  析:so是副词,用来修饰形容词或副词,常用于so+ adj. / adv.+ that…句型中,表示“如此…以致于”。在单数可数名词前可用so+ adj.+ a+名词+that…句型,相当于such +a +adj. + 单数名词+ that结构。
  6. 他可不是那种先想到自己后想到别人的人。
  误:It’s not like him of thinking of himself before thinking of others.
  正:It’s not like him to think of himself before thinking of others.
  析:表示“某人(恰恰)就是…这个样子”,用It’s (just) like sb. to do sth.说明赞成或不满。若用否定式则表示怀疑。

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